Trans-geographical introduction of cluster bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.) in organic regime of Sikkim Himalaya - conditions conducive for successful cultivation
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53550/jfl.v38.i2.268Keywords:
Cluster bean, FYM, Organic manure, Sowing time, VermicompostAbstract
The present study was conducted to explore the possibility of cultivation of cluster bean in non-traditional areas under the organic regime of Sikkim Himalaya. The cluster bean cv. Pusa Navbahar was planted on eight different dates under four organic nutrient combinations. Results revealed that the sowing time and organic manures showed significant differences in morphobiochemical traits of cluster bean. The crop sown during the first three dates i.e fourth week of April, the second week of May, and the fourth week of May did not germinate. The sowing on the second week of August with FYM 50% (5 t/ha) + Vermicompost 50% (2.5 t/ha) was the most appropriate combination for the better growth, yield, and biochemical traits of cluster bean in Sikkim, suggesting the possibility for expansion of cluster bean in non-traditional areas. The introduction of cluster bean in Sikkim may help in diversifying the agricultural sector and provide additional income to the farmers.
References
Ali Z, Zahid MS, Zia-ul-Hassan M and Bashir M. 2004. Sowing dates effects on growth, development and yield of guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.) under rainfed conditions of Pothowar region [Pakistan]. Journal of Agricultural Research 42(1): 33-40.
Ayaz S, McKenzie BA, Hill GD and McNeil DL. 2004. Variability in yield of four-grain legume species in a subhumid temperate environment. II. Yield components. The Journal of Agricultural Science 142(1): 21-28.
Bray RH. 1948. Correlation of soil tests with crop response to added fertilizers and with fertilizer requirement. Dianostic techniques for soils and crops. Am. Potash Inst, Washington 11:53-86.
Deka KK, Das MR, Bora P and Mazumder N. 2015. Effect of sowing dates and spacing on growth and yield of cluster bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.) in subtropical climate of Assam, India. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research 49(3): 250-254.
Dutta H and Dutta A. 2016. The microbial aspect of climate change. Energy, Ecology and Environment 1: 209-232.
Garrigues E, Corson MS, Walter C, Angers DA and Van Der Werf H. 2012. Soil-quality indicators in LCA: method presentation with a case study. In 8th International Conference on LCA in the Agri-Food Sector. Pp 163–68.
Hussain I, Ali M, Ghoneim AM, Shahzad K, Farooq O, Iqbal S, Nawaz F, Ahmad S, Bárek V, Brestic M and Al Obaid S. 2022. Improvement in growth and yield attributes of cluster bean through optimization of sowing time and plant spacing under climate change scenario. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences 29(2): 781-792.
Kapur A, Hasković A, Čopra-Janićijević A, Klepo L, Topčagić A, Tahirović I and Sofić E. 2012. Spectrophotometric analysis of total ascorbic acid content in various fruits and vegetables. Bulletin of the Chemists and Technologists of Bosnia and Herzegovina 38(4): 39-42.
Kosa S and Karaguzel O. 2020. Effects of seed age, germination temperature, gibberellic acid and stratification on germination of Silene compacta. Pakistan Journal of Botany 52(3): 901-908.
Kumar A, Kumar N, Devi S, Dhaka AK and Khokhar S. 2023. Physiology and yield of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes in response to different sowing dates in semi-arid regions of North India. Legume Research- An International Journal 46(7): 843-848.
Lamichaney A,Parihar AK, Hazra KK, Dixit GP, Katiyar PK, Singh D, Singh AK, Kumar N and Singh NP. 2021. Untangling the influence of heat stress on crop phenology, seed set, seed weight and germination in field pea (Pisum sativum L.). Frontiers in Plant Science12:635868
Liu J, Liang B, Liu S, Zhang G and Yuan M. 2016. Effects of long-term fertilization on grain quality of summer maize. Advance Journal of Food Science and Technology 11: 33-39.
Lowry OH, Rosebrough NJ, Farr AL and Randall RJ. 1951. Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. Journal of Biological Chemistry 193(1): 265-275.
Luqman L, Hussain Z, Ilyas M, Khan IA and Bakht T. 2020. Influence of sowing orientation and intercropping of chilies on onion yield and its associated weeds in Peshawar, Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Botany 52(1): 95-100.
McLean EO. 1982. Chemical equilibrations with soil buffer systems as bases for future soil testing programs. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 13(6): 411-433.
Meena H, Meena RS, Lal R, Yadav GS, Mitran T, Layek J, Patil SB, Kumar S and Verma T. 2018. Response of sowing dates and bio regulators on yield of clusterbean under current climate in alley cropping system in eastern UP, India. Legume Research-An International Journal 41(4): 563-571.
Meena RS, Yadav RS and Meena VS. 2014. Response of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) varieties to sowing dates and NP fertilizers under Western Dry Zone of India. Bangladesh Journal of Botany 43(2): 169-173.
Mishra S, Thombare N, Ali M and Swami S. 2018. Applications of biopolymeric gels in agricultural sector. Polymer Gels: Perspectives and Applications. Pp 185-228.
Nelson DW and Sommers LE. 1982. Total carbon, organic carbon, and organic matter. Methods of soil analysis: Part 2 chemical and microbiological properties 9: 539-79.
Ntatsi G, Gutiérrez-Cortines ME, Karapanos I, Barros A, Weiss J, Balliu A, dos Santos Rosa EA and Savvas D. 2018. The quality of leguminous vegetables as influenced by preharvest factors. Scientia Horticulturae 232: 191-205.
Parihar AK, Hazra KK, Lamichaney A, Dixit GP, Singh D, Singh AK and Singh NP. 2022. Characterizing plant trait (s) for improved heat tolerance in field pea (Pisum sativum L.) under subtropical climate. International Journal of Biometeorology 66(6):1267-1281.
Pathak R. 2015. Clusterbean: Physiology, genetics and cultivation. Singapore: Springer. Pp 125-143. Rai PS and Dharmatti PR. 2014. Genetic divergence studies in clusterbean [Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub]. Asian Journal of Horticulture 9: 202-205.
Rhoades JD. 1996. Salinity: Electrical conductivity and total dissolved solids. Methods of soil analysis: Part 3 Chemical Methods 5: 417-35.
Sheoran OP, Tonk DS and Kaushik LS. 1998. Statistical Software Package for Agricultural Research Workers: Recent Advances in information theory. Hooda DS, Hasija RC Statistics and Computer Applications, Department of Mathematics Statistics, CCS HAU, Hisar. Pp 139-143.
Soussana JF, Loiseau P, Vuichard N, Ceschia E, Balesdent J, Chevallier T and Arrouays D. 2004. Carbon cycling and sequestration opportunities in temperate grasslands. Soil Use and Management 20(2): 219-30.
Stanford G and English L. 1949. Use of the Flame Photometer in Rapid Soil Tests for K and Ca. Agronomy Journal 41(9): 446–447.
Subbiah BV and Asija GL. 1956. A rapid procedure for the estimation of available nitrogen in soils 25: 259-260.
Sundharaiya, K. and Sriram N. 2022. Demonstration of cluster bean variety MDU-1 for yield and economics in Cuddalore district of Tamil Nadu. International Journal of Farm Sciences 12: 67-71.
Zahid N, Maqbool M, Tahir MM, Horvitz S, Hamid A, Khalid MS, Ejaz S, Jawad R, Awan SI, Rehman A and Ali A. 2022. Influence of organic and inorganic fertilizer regimes on growth patterns and antioxidants capacity of strawberry (Fragaria× ananassa Duch
