Insect diversity and population dynamics of major insect pests and natural enemies on chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53550/jfl.v38.i2.277Keywords:
Aphis craccivora, Autographa nigrisigna, Chickpea, Helicoverpa armigera, Insect diversity, Population dynamics, Spodoptera exigua, Weather factorsAbstract
In the present study, eleven species of insect belonging to seven orders were recorded in chickpea. The population of Helicoverpa armigera, Spodoptera exigua, Autographa nigrisigna, Aphis craccivora and Coccinella septumpunctata appeared during 50th, 52nd, 52nd, 49th, 50th Standard Meteorological Weeks (SMWs), respectively and remained upto 19th SMW. Among lepidopterous pests, the larval population of H. armigera attained its highest peaks in 14th and 16th SMWs in chickpea varieties, HC 1 and HK 1, respectively. Larval population of S. exigua reached its peak in 9th (HC 1) and 12th, 13th and 16th SMW (HK 1), A. nigrisigna in 13th and 16th (HC 1) and 13th and 15th SMW (HK 1). A. craccivora population reached at its peak in 50th (HK 1) and 52nd SMWs (HC 1) whereas C. septumpunctata attained its peaks in 14th (HK 1) and 15th SMWs (HC 1). The pod damage due to H. armigera was 39.32 and 41.44 per cent in HC 1 and HK 1, respectively. Temperature and bright sunshine hours showed a significant and positive correlation with the population of H. armigera, S. exigua, A. nigrisigna and C. septumpunctata. Wind speed exhibited a significant positive effect on the population of A. nigrisigna, S. exigua and C. septumpunctata. Relative humidity exhibited a significant negative correlation with H. armigera, A. nigrisigna and C. septumpunctata.
References
Anonymous. 2019. Package of Practices for Kharif Crops. Directorate of Extension Education, CCS HAU, Hisar.
Anonymous. 2022. Project Coordinator Report (2020-21). AICRP on chickpea, Rabi crops, IIPR, Kanpur. Pp. 25.
Anonymous. 2024. Project Coordinator’s Report (2023- 24), ICAR-All India Coordinated Research Project on Rabi Pulses, ICAR-IIPR, Kanpur.
Bhatt NJ and Patel RK. 2001. Screening of chickpea cultivars for their resistance to gram pod borer, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner). Indian Journal of Entomology 63: 277–280.
Jakhar P. 2016. Population dynamics and management of major insect pests of chickpea Cicer arietinum L. Ph.D. (Agri) Thesis, submitted to CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, pp. 28-112.
Kant K and Kanaujia KR. 2008. Relationship between moth catches in pheromone trap and larval population development of Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) in chickpea. Environment and Ecology 26(2A): 780-782.
Kumar P, Ahmad MA, Kumari L, Kumar R, Kumar A and Singh A. 2018. Population dynamics of gram pod borer, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) on chickpeas. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 7(5):967-969.
Maqsood AC, Muhammad IK, Sadaruddin S, Fida HM, Sanaullah M, Muhammad AR, Naveed AC and Khadim HL. 2017. Screening of chickpea varieties against gram aphid, Aphis craccivora (Koch.) in field. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 5(3):1651-1654.
Mari JM, Chachar SD, Chachar QI and Kallar SA. 2013. Insect diversity in chickpea ecosystem. International Journal of Agricultural Technology 9(7): 1809-1819.
Namdev HP and Singh RA. 2021. Diversity of insect pests and ecofriendly fauna inhabiting Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) agro-ecosystem in Bundelkhand region of Uttar Pradesh. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 10(9): 327-332.
Pandey BM, Tripathi MK and Lakshmi V. 2012. Seasonal incidence of gram pod borer, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) on chickpea in Varanasi area. Journal of Experimental Zoology 15(2): 667-669.
Pandey BM, Tripathi MK and Lakshmi V. 2014. Seasonal incidence of Helicoverpa armigera on chickpea. Annals of Plant Protection Sciences 22(1): 190-239.
Parmar SK, Thakur AS and Marabi RS. 2015. Effect of sowing dates and weather parameters on the incidence of Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) in chickpea. The Bioscan 10(1): 93-96.
Patel SK, Patel BH, Korat DM and Dabhi MR. 2010. Seasonal of major insect pests of cowpea, Vigna unguiculata (Linn.) Walpers in relation to weather parameters. Karnataka Journal of Agricultural Sciences 23(3): 497-499.
Rao GVR, Visalakshmi V, Suganthy M, Reddy PV, Reddy YVR and Rao VR. 2008. Relative toxicity of neem to natural enemies associated with the chickpea ecosystem: a case study. International Journal of Tropical Insect Science 27(3/4): 229–235.
Reddy V, Anandhi P, Elamathi S and Varma S. 2009. Seasonal occurrence of pulse pod borer, Helicoverpa armigera (L.) on chickpea at Eastern UP region. Agricultural Science Digest 29 (2): 1-3.
Reed W, Cardona C, Sithanantham S and Lateef SS. 1987. The chickpea insect pests and their control. In: MC Saxena and KB Singh (Eds), The Chickpea. CAB lnternational, Wallingford, UK. Pp. 283-318.
Shah ZA and Shahzad MK. 2005. Population fluctuations with reference to different development stages of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on chickpea and their relationship with the environment. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology 7(1): 90-93.
Shahzad MK, Shah ZA and Anjum S. 2003. Population dynamics of gram pod borer (Helicoverpa armigera), gram aphid (Aphis craccivora) and cotton aphid (Aphis gossypi) in relation to climatic conditions. Pakistan Entomologist 25(1): 77-84.
Sharma HC. 2005. Heliothis/Helicoverpa Management: Emerging Trends and Strategies for Future Research. Oxford and IBH Publishing, New Delhi, India. p 469. Shinde YA, Patel BR and Mulekar VG. 2014. Seasonal
incidence of gram pod borer, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) in chickpea under Jabalpur condition. Journal of Food Science 27(2): 161-162.
Singh Y and Singh B. 2016. Seasonal abundance and incidence of castor semilooper (Achaea janata L.) infesting castor crop. Journal of Agroecology and Natural Resource Management 3(1): 86.
