Growth and biochemical response of rajmash to VAM fungal and inorganic P application
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53550/jfl.v21i4.1926Keywords:
Arbuscular-mycorrhiza, P-fertilizer, Phaseolus vulgaris, VAM-fungiAbstract
Pot experiments were conducted on rajmash inoculated with three native vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi, namely Gigaspora albida, Glomus mosseae and Sclerocystis sinuosa. These were inoculated either alone or in combination with potassium phosphate (KH,PO). Plants treated with VAM fungus+dose KH,PO, enhanced growth and yield of rajmash. Any of the three VÂM fungi alone or P-fertilizers helped plants to grow better than control but independently these were lesser than those given combined inoculum. The combined inoculum also altered the biochemical constituents such as total soluble sugars, ortho-dihydric phenols and flavanols in the leaves of plants when inoculated with G. mossene+dose phosphorus. Wax content was maximum on leaf surface in the plants inoculated with S.sinuosa+dose phosphorus. The extent of root colonization affected the plant growth, P- content, metabolites and yield.
References
Ahanthem S and Jha DK. 2007. Response of rice crop inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria to different soil nitrogen concentrations. Mycorrhiza News 18 15-20.
Anilkumar KK and Muraleedhara KG. 2003. Effect of vesicular- arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculation on growth and nutrient uptake of leguminous plants under stress conditions. Journal of Mycology and Plant Pathology 33: 33-36.
Bago B. Pfeffer PE. Abubaker J, Jun J. Allen JW, Brouillete J, Douds DD. Lammers PJ and Sachar-Hill Y. 2003. Carbon export from arbuscular mycorrhizal roots involves the translocation of carbohydrate as well as lipid. Plant Physiology 131: 1496-1570. Biradar R and Reddy CN. 2007. Response of five medicinal plants to vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculations in unsterile soil. Mycorrhiza News 19: 25-29.
Bolan NS. 1991. A critical review on the role of VAM in the uptake of P by plants. Plant and Soil 134: 189-207
Dubois M. Gills KA, Hamilton JJ. Rebress PA and Smith F. 1977. Colorimetric method for determination of Sugar and related substances. Analytical Chemistry 28: 350-356.
Ebercon A. Bolan A and Jordan WR.1977. A rapid colorimetric method for epicuticular wax content of Sorghum leaves. Crop Science 17: 179-180.
Gupta PP. Gupta SK. Kaushik CD and Saharan CS. 1985. Biochemical changes in leaf surface extract and total chlorophyll content of groundnut in relation to tikka discase (Cercosporidium personatum) Indian Journal of Mycology and Plant Patholgy 15 110-112. Harley JL and Smith SE. 1983. Mycorrhizal Symbiosis. Academic Press. London 483p.
Karandashov V and Bucher M. 2005. Synthetic phosphate transport in arbuscular mycorrhizas. Trends in Plant Science 10: 22-29.
Khilare VC. Ade AB. Deokate AS and Gangawane LV. 2004. Biochemical changes in host by carbendazim resistant Gloeosporium ampelophagum causing anthracnose of grape. Indian Phytopathology 57: 497-498.
Kushwaha KPS and Narain U. 2005. Biochemical changes in Pigeon- pea leaves infested with Alternaria tenuissima. Annals of Plant Protection Science 13: 415-417.
Lammers PJ. Abubaker, Govindarajulu M. Jun J. Krijgsman O and Dejong M. 2005. Quantitative analysis of gene expression in the arbuscular symbiosis. In: Basic research and applications of mycorrhizae. (Eds). GK Podila and A Varma. I K. International Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi. Pp. 67-82.
Lodha S. Mali PC and Burman U. 1993. Development of bacterial blight and changes in biochemical components in the resistant and susceptible genotypes of clusterbean. Indian Phytopathology 46 354-359.
Mahadevan A. 1966. Bio-chemistry of infection and resistance. Phytol Pathology Z. 57: 96-99.
Mc Gonigle TP. Miller MH. Evans DG. Fairchild GL and Swan JA. 1990. new method which gives an objective measure of colonization of roots by vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. New Phytologist 115: 445-501.
Nagesh M. and Reddy PP. 2004. Biochemical changes in Glomus fasciculatum colonized roots of Lycopersicon esculentum in presence of Meloidogyne incognita. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology 42: 721-727.
Neeraj and Chauhan A. 2006. Effect of VAM fungi and P fertilizers on growth and yield of Trigonella-foenum graecum (L.). Mycorrhiza News 18 (1): 19-21.
Neeraj and Singh K. 2004. Synergistic effect of blue green algae and chemical fertilizers on growth of VA-mycorrhizal Eleucine coracana G. seedlings. Environmental Biology and Conservation 9: 77-81. Neeraj and Singh K. 2005. Impact of VA-mycorrhiza. Rhizobium and phosphorus on growth and yield of Phaseolus vulgaris L. Journal of Phytological Research 18: 59-63.
Neeraj and Singh K. 2007. Biochemical changes in Phaseolus vulgaris L. dual inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and Rhizobium, Indian Journal of Botanical Research 4: 73-80.
Ocampo JA and Azcon R. 1985. Relationship between the concentration of sugar in the roots and VA-mycorrhizal infection. Plant and Soil 86: 95-100.
Olsen SR and Sommers LE. 1982. Phosphorus. In: Methods of Soil Analysis. part-2, Al Page et. al. (Eds), Agron-9, Am. Soc. Agron., Madison. Wisconsin. 403-430.
Phillips JM and Hayman DS. 1970. Improved procedures for clearing roots and vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi for rapid assessment of infection. Transactions of the British Mycological Society 55: 158-161.
Rajeshwari E. Latha TKS. Vanangamudi K. Selvon KA and Narayanan R. 2001. Effect of AM and phosphorus on Seedling growth of Casuarina equisetifolia. Indian Phytopathology 54: 85-87.
Rashmi and Roy AK. 2003. Effect of VAM fungi and Azospirillum brasilense on growth performance of finger millet. Journal of Mycology and Plant Pathology 33: 403-405.
Reddy BN. Sreevani A and Rhaghavender CR. 2006. Association of AM fungi in three solanaceous vegetable crops. Journal of Mycology and Plant Pathology 36: 52-56.
Rilling M.C. Wright SF, Nicholas KA. Schmidt WF and Torn MS. 2001. Large contribution of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to soil carbon pools in tropical forest soils. Plant and Soil 233: 167-177. Schaarschmidt S. Mari-Cruz G. Roitsch Th., Strack D. Sonnewald U and
Hause B. 2007. Regulation of arbuscular mycorrhization by carbon The symbiotic interaction cannot be improved by increased carbon availability accomplished by root-specifically enhanced invertase activity. Plant Physiology 143: 1827-1840.
Sharathbabu K and Manoharachary C. 2006. Impact of AM fungi and rock-phosphate on mycorrhizal colonization, growth and nutrition of Tylophora indica (Burm.f.) Merril. under glass house conditions. Indian Phytopathology 59: 427-431.
Sieverding E 1983. Influence of soil water regimes on VA-mycorrhiza.
iii. Effect of soil temperature and water content on growth, nutrient uptake and water utilization of Eupatorium odoratum L. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 152: 56-57.
Sumana DA and Bagyaraj DJ. 2002. Interactions between VAM-fungus and nitrogen-fixing bacteria and their influence on growth and nutrition of Neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss). Indian Journal of Microbiology 42: 295-298.
Sunkad G and Kulkarni S. 2006. Studies on structural and biochemical mechanisms of resistance in groundnut to Puccinia arachidis. Indian Phytopathology 59: 323-328.
Swain T and Hillis WE. 1959. The phenolic constituents of Brunus domestica 1. The quantitative analysis of phenolic constituents. Journal of Science Food and Agriculture 10: 63-68.
Yadav V. Sharma S. Verma PK and Varma A. 2005. Phosphorus metabolism and regulation in symbiotic fungi. In: Basic research and application of mycorrhizae. GK Podila and A Varma (Eds). IK International Pvt Ltd. New Delhi. Pp 111-139.




