Prevalence of Trichoderma spp. in crop niches with variable water need and their tolerance to high temperature
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53550/jfl.v21i4.1928Keywords:
Bioagent, Crop niches, Pulses, Temperature tolerance, TrichodermaAbstract
This study was conducted on native Trichoderma spp. from different crop niches with variable water need of Kanpur and its adjoining districts to assess their comparative tolerance towards the high temperature. Out of 97 soil samples from 17 crop niches, only 28 samples yielded Trichoderma spp., out of which, 21 isolates were of T. harzianum, 6 T. viride and one of T. virens (Gliocladium virens). Crop wise analysis revealed that in low water requiring crops (pigeonpea, chickpea lentil, sorghum, barley) Trichoderma prevalence was 34.1%, in medium water requiring crops (mustard, wheat, field pea) recovery was 11.2% while in high water requiring crops (lucern, garlic, cauliflower, coriander and rajmash), its recovery was as low as 6 per cent. All 28 native isolates along with two checks were evaluated for high temperature tolerance (50) + 3"C) in respect of colony growth, conidia and chlamydospore production in relation to optimum temperature (28 + 1oC). Two isolates showed full colony growth (90 mm), two isolates between 38-56 mm growth while 26 isolates exhibited 30 mm colony growth at 72 hrs of incubation at high temperature. One isolate of T. viride from lentil did not show any growth reduction at high temperature and was comparable to T. harzianum. In others, colony growth inhibition ranged between 38.3-79.2 per cent. Same isolates again exhibited least reduction in conidia production (5.1%) against 29.9% in T. harzianum and 99.9% inT. viride as checks. Reduction in chlamydospore production at high temperature varied between 56.6-100%, least (56.6- 58.3%) being in T. harzianum isolated from garlic and mustard, respectively. Species wise there was no major difference in growth characters between the three species of Trichoderma.
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