Study of gene effects for seed yield and anti-nutritional components in cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp]
Keywords:
Anti-nutritional components, Generation mean analysis, Gene effects, Cowpea, Seed yieldAbstract
The present study investigated gene effects for seed yield, its quality and anti-nutritional traits through generation mean analysis of two diverse crosses of cowpea (CL 367 × C 88, CL 400 × BL 1), parents and their segregating generations (F2, BC1 and BC2). The significant values for scaling tests (A, B, C, and D) were reported in the traits such as seed yield, crude protein percent, anthocyanins and anti-nutritional components such as total phenols, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins content in the case of May and July sowing. The results indicated the presence of epistatic interactions, and the sixparameter model was best suited to explore these properties. The magnitude of the dominance gene effect (h) was greater than the additive gene effect (d) in the traits studied. The epistatic interactions viz; additive × additive, additive × dominance, and dominance × dominance, were significant for most of the traits in two crosses. The duplicate type of epistasis was observed for the traits due to opposite signs of (h) and (l) gene effects. These results suggested that recurrent selection and selection in later generations could be the best option to exploit both additive and non-additive gene effects.
References
Adekanmi OK, Oluwatooyin OF and Yemisi AA. 2009. Influence of processing techniques on the nutrients and anti nutrients of tigernut (Cyperus esculentus L.). World Journal of Dairy Food Science 4(2): 88-93.
AOAC. 2005. Official Methods of Analysis (18th ed). Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Maryland, U.S.A.
Chang C, Yang M, Wen H and Chem J. 2002. Estimation of total flavonoid content in Propolis by two complementary colorimetric methods. Journal of Food and Drug analysis 10: 178-182.
Fenwick DE and Oakenfull O. 1983. Saponin content of food plants and some prepared foods. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 34: 186-191.
Goyal M, Kaur H and Singh DP. 2023. Biochemical profiling of geographically diverse cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) genotypes for nutritional quality and photochemical and anti oxidant potential. Agricultural Research Journal (PAU) 59(6): 1010-1019.
Hayman BI. 1960. The theory and analysis of diallel crosses. Genetics 45(2): 155-72
Heke KD. 2014. Anti- nutritional factors in cowpea cultivars and their effects on susceptibility to Callosobruchus masculatus (Fab.) [Coleoptera: Bruchidae] infestation. Bioscience Methods 5(2): 1-8.
Kearsey MJ and Pooni HS. 1996. The genetic analysis of quantitative traits. 1st edition. Chapman and Hall, London.
Martins S, Mussatto SI, Martinez AG, Montanez SJ, Aguilar CN and Teixeira JA. 2011. Bioactive phenolic compounds production and extraction by solid-state fermentation: A review. Biotechnology Advances 29: 365-73
Mather K. 1949. Biometrical Genetics (IstEdition) Methuen, London.
Mather K and Jinks JL. 1971. Biometrical Genetics (2nd Edition) Chapman and Hall, London.
Mather K and Jinks JL. 1982. Biometrical Genetics: The study of continuous variation, 3rd ed. Chapman and Hall, London, New York.
Mote MS, Bendale VM, Bhave SG and Swant SS. 2007. Biomass partitioning studies in cowpea. Journal of Arid Legumes 5(2): 105-09.
Nassourou MA, Dolinassou S, Hand MJ, Abatchoua MA, Alladoum AN, Jean T, Noubissié B, Bell JM and Njintang YN. 2020. Generation Means Analysis of three Seeds antinutrients in Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata
(L.) Walp.). International Journal of Agriculture Environment and Biotechnology 5(5): 1389-1396.
Noubissie TJ,Youmbi BE, Njintang YN, Aladji M, Abatchoua RM and Bell JM. 2012. Inheritance of phenolic contents and antioxidant capacity of dehulled seeds in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.). International Journal of Agricultural Research 2(3): 7-18.
Ola MP, Jain SK and Choudhary R. 2024. Genetic studies through generation mean analysis in chickpea under timely and delayed planting. Journal of Food Legumes 37(3): 262-269
Prasanthi G, Jayalakshmi V, Reddy AT and Khayumahammed S. 2023. Genetic variability parameters and character association studies among phenological traits, yield traits and quality traits under different dates of planting in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Journal of Food Legumes 36(2 & 3): 126-135.
Rabino I, Mancinelli AL and Kuzmanoff KH. 1977. Photocontrol of anthocyanin synthesis VI. Spectral sensitivity, irradiance dependence and reciprocity relationship. Plant Physiology 59: 569-73.
Sadasivam S and Manickam A. 1992. Phenolics In: Biochemical methods for agricultural sciences. Wiley Eastern Ltd, New Delhi, India. Pp. 187-88.
Santos CAF, da Costa DCC and da Silva WR. 2012. Genetic analysis of total seed protein content of two cowpea crosses. Crop Science 52: 2501-06.
Shaheen R,Srinivasan K, Anjum NA. 2019. Ageing induced changes in nutritional and anti nutritional factors in cowpea (Vignaunguiculata L. Walp). Journal of Food Science and Technology 56(4): 1757-1765.
Shirisha K, Sandhyakishore N, Pallavi M, Krishna L, Sudhishna E, Shanker K, Sameer Kumar CV. 2024. Analysis of combining ability for yield and yield contributing components in cowpea ( Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.). Journal of Food legumes 37(4): 390-395.
Singh CM, Singh AK, Mishra AB and Pandey A. 2016. Generation mean analysis to estimate the genetic parameters for yield improvement and inheritance of seed colour and lusture in mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek ]. Legume Research 39(4): 494-501.
Sreerama YN, Sashikala VB, Pratape VM and Singh V. 2012. Nutrients and anti nutrients in cowpea and horse gram flour: evaluation of their flour functionality. Food Chemistry 13(1): 462-68.
Swain T and Hills E. 1959. The phenolic constituents of Prunus domestica. I.- The quantitative analysis of phenolic constituents. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 10: 3-8.
Upadhaya HP, Dwivedi SC, Ambrose M, Ellis N, Berger J, Sympal P, Debouk D, Due G, Dumet P, Flavelt A, Sharma SK, Mallikarjun N and Gowela CLL. 2011. Legume genetic resources; management; diversity assessment and utilization in crop improvement. Euphytica 180: 27-47.
