Identification of elite donors via agro-morphological characterization and anthracnose resistance screening of common bean accessions
Keywords:
Agro-morphological, Anthracnose, Characterization, Colletotrichum lindemuthianum, Common bean, Race 295Abstract
Germplasm characterization and screening of 193 common bean accessions revealed significant diversity, highlighting valuable traits for crop improvement. Phenotypic diversity analysis of qualitative traits showed notable variation in plant growth habits, flower wing color, and pod beak shape, with diversity indices spanning low to high. However, quantitative traits such as days to 50% flowering, days to 80% maturity, and seed yield plant-1 displayed a wide range of variation. Further, cluster analysis grouped the accessions into four clusters, and the inter-cluster distances revealed significant diversity, especially between clusters I and III, indicating the potential of these accessions for target breeding. Principal component analysis identified three significant components, explaining 68.07% of the variability. Diverse genotypes such as IC109528, EC894829, and IC18121 were identified as valuable genetic resources for different target traits. Pod length correlated positively with seed dimensions and 100-seed weight, while seed yield plant-1 showed positive correlation with the number of pods plant-1. Further, anthracnose disease resistance through in vitro screening against race 295 identified 23 resistant accessions. These identified accessions represent critical resources for developing anthracnose disease-resistant common bean cultivars.
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