Nitrogen sources manipulation for higher productivity, profitability and its use efficiency in rajmash (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in cold desert region of North Western Himalaya

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted sandy loam and acidic soil at Highland Agricultural Research and Extension Centre, Kukumseri in Himanchal Pradesh (India) to study the effect of levels and methods of nitrogen application on growth, yield, economics and nitrogen use efficiency in rajmash. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with treatments involving for leaves and two methods and respected there growth and yield significantly increased with nitrogen application. Taller plants were recorded infects N60 followed by N40 . Significantly higher dry matter production (6430 kg/ha) was observed with N60 followed by N40 . Maximum dry matter efficiency (0.49%/day), unit area efficiency (2.96 g/m2/day), pod dry weight (3.1g) and productivity (29.63kg/ha/day) was due recorded with N60 . The highest seed yield (3200 kg/ha) was observed with N60 which was 68 and 20 percent higher over N0 and N20 , respectively. Maximum nitrogen use efficiency (37.5 kg seed/kg N) was recorded with N20 while minimum was at N60 . However maximum gross returns (¹  3, 32,920/ha), net returns (¹2, 57,537/ha), B:C 6CR (4.42) and profitability (¹2385/ha/day) were also recorded at N60 . Basal application of nitrogen was found beneficial than split application. Basal application of 60 kg N/ha as based requested in higher productivity and profitability of rajmash in cold desert region.