Analysis of combining ability for yield and yield contributing components in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp)
Keywords:
Cowpea, General combining ability, Heterosis breeding, Line×Tester, Specific combining abilityAbstract
In the present study, 20 hybrids generated using a line × tester mating design consisting of five lines and four testers were used to determine combining ability for yield and yield contributing components in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp). The results indicated that the general combining ability (gca) and specific combining ability (sca) were significant for most characteristics, indicating the importance of both additive and non-additive genetic components. All the traits, except plant height and pod length, exhibited a ratio of σ2g / σ2s less than unity, thereby indicating the preponderance of non-additive gene action. These traits can be improved through heterosis breeding, whereas, the remaining two characters viz., plant height and pod length showed the σ2g /σ2s ratio greater than one which highlights the additive gene action and hence, can be improved through selection. Among the lines PCP-1124 and CPD-311 and among the testers PMCP-1016 and VCP-18-032 were found to be good general combiners as they could contribute alleles with positive effect for improving the important quantitative traits. The crosses CPD-311 × PMCP-1016, PCP-1124 × KBC-12 and CPD-313 × VCP-18-032 were identified as most promising specific combiner.
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